BASIC OF NATURAL SCIENCE TASK

HI... Reader do you know Pure science and Pseudoscience???
Here I wanna try to explain them...........

PURE SCIENCE

Pure science or Fundamental science is science that describes the most basic objects, forces, relations between them and lows governing them, such that all other phenomena may be in principle derived from them following the logic of scientific reductionism. Physics is a typical pure science, chemistry is sometimes included. There is a difference between pure science and applied science. Pure science, in contrast to applied science is defined as a pure knowledge it develops. The progress of pure science is based on well controlled experiments and careful observation. Pure science is dependent upon deductions from demonstrated truths or is studied without regard to practical application. Pure science has traditionally been associated with the natural science, however research in the social and behavioral sciences can be deemed pure science as well if the researcher adheres to the same scientific methods common to these other field.

PSEUDOSCIENCE

Pseudoscience is a methodology, belief, or practice that is claimed to be scientific, or that is made to appear to be scientific, but which does not adhere to an appropriate scientific methodology, lacks supporting evidence or plausibility, or otherwise lacks scientific status. The term comes from the Greek prefix pseudo- (false or pretending) and science (from Latin scientia meaning "knowledge"). An early recorded use of the term was in 1843 by the French physiologist Francios Magendie. As thought in certain introductory science classes, pseudoscience is any subject that appears superficially to be scientific, or whose proponents state that is scientific, but which nevertheless contravenes the testability requirement or substantially deviates from other fundamental aspects of the scientific method. The term is inherently pejorative, because it is used to assert that something is being inaccurately or deceptively portrayed as science and those labeled as practicing or advocating it normally dispute the characterization.


part II

If we talk about Resources, there are two kinds of resources in our earth. They are Renewable Resources and Non- Renewable Resources. What the difference of them???


Renewable Resources is if it replaced by natural processes at rate comparable or faster than its rate of consumption by humans. Solar radiation, tides, wind and hydroelectricity are in no danger of a lack of long-term availability. Renewable resources may also mean commodities such as wood, paper, and leather, if harvesting is performed in a sustainable manner. Some natural renewable resources such as geothermal power, fresh water, timber, and biomass must be carefully managed to avoid exceeding the world's capacity to replenish them. A life cycle assessment provides a systematic means of evaluating renewability. Wind energy can produce electricity in regions when steady winds blow. Giant's wind turbines capture wind's energy and use it to power generator. Biomass is material that is formed from living organism, such as wood and agricultural wastes. Biomass can be burn to produce electricity or be converted to a gas and used for fuel. Solar energy can also be used to produce electricity. Solar cell change the radiant energy of the sun to electricity energy. Some calculators and portable radios are powered by solar cells.

Non-Renewable resources is a natural resources which cannot be produced, grown, generated, or used on a scale which can sustain its consumption rate. These resources often exist in a fixed amount, or are consumed much faster than nature can create them. Fossil fuels (such as coal, petroleum and natural gas) and nuclear power (uranium) are examples. Nuclear power plants rely on uranium, a type of metal that is mined from the ground and specially processed. Heat released from splitting uranium atoms is used to convert water into stem that turns turbines.


Part III

Stages Through Which Human Beings to Meet Their Needs

Based on recorded in history, human life always have change from one time to another time. In the first civilization, human depend on entirely the nature. They meet their needs with food gathering. They gather to get vegetable and fruit and hunting animals to get meat. They still use simple equipment from stone or wood or from animal bone. All their primer need still depend on the nature. For example, their clothes are made from tree bark, their house made in the top of tree to avoid wild animals, or they live in a cave. They are nomad. They will go to another place if the food supply is exhausted.
In the next civilization, human can dominate the nature. Now, they can meet their need with food producing. They can produce what they need. for the first, food producing is still interrelated with nature, such as till or work the soil and breeding. Because of their knowledge, now they can create and use modern tools to make their work easier. In this step, human can be called as second creator. They can make something new from exist materials and make them more useful, more beautiful and can be used as merchandise to be sold and get money.

Polemik Pemilihan Gas Sebagai Alternatif Pengganti Minyak Tanah

Gerakan konversi minyak minyak tanah ke gas elpiji adalah salah satu upaya pemerintah pusat untuk mengurangi subsidi minyak tanah untuk kepreluan rumah tangga yang nilainya sekitar Rp.30 triliun. Hal itu disebabkan karena minyak tanah semakin berkurang dan harga minyak dunia mencapai titik tertinggi perbarelnya. Ketika proses konversi akan dilakukan, kampanye penggunaan elpiji pun marak dilakukan diantaranya dengan menjelaskan beberapa kelebihan jika masyarakat menggunakan gas elpiji, seperti aman penggunaannya, lebih murah dan lain sebagainya. Tapi setelah konversi minyak tanah ke gas elpiji hampir merata diseluruh masyarakat, banyak terjadi kasus kebakaran yang disebabkan oleh ledakan tabung gas ukuran 3 kg yang notabene merupakan tabung gas yang diperuntukkan bagi masyarakat menengah kebawah. Tapi tidak jarang pula ledakan yang bersumber dari gas elpiji ukuran 12 kg. Mungkin bukan jumlah yang sedikit melihat banyaknya korban akibat ledakan tabung gas elpiji semenjak konversi dilakukan. Ironis memang kejadian dilapangan tidak sesuai dengan apa yang diharapkan pemerintah. Bila melihat beberapa kemungkinan ledakan itu bisa terjadi akibat beberapa faktor :
1. Tabung gas banyak yang dipalsukan oleh oknum-oknum yang tidak bertanggung jawab untuk mengeruk keuntungan pribadi sehingga tabung yang dipasarkan tidak sesuai standar pertamina. Oleh karena itu perlu pengawasan dan tindakan yang lebih ketat lagi dari pemerintah. Harus dilakukan suatu upaya penjaminan tabung gas yang benar-benar dari pertamina sehingga masyarakat bisa tahu mana yang asli dan mana yang palsu.
2. Mungkin kondisi nasyarakat yang belum siap merubah kebiasaan yang sebelumnya menggunakan minyak tanah di ganti dengan menggunakan gas elpiji dengan beberapa halnya yang penting untuk diperhatikan seperti penggunaannya yang harus lebih berhati-hati karena elpiji jauh lebih mudah terbakar (inflammable) dibanding minyak tanah. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan sosialisasi yang lebih efektif kepada masyarakat tentang pengetahuan seputar gas elpiji dan hal-hal yang harus diperhatikan dalam penggunaan gas elpiji. Bentuk sosialisasi tidak cukup hanya di televisi.
3. Melihat pengalaman yang terjadi di masyarakat tentang penipuan yang menggunakan modus pemeriksaan tabung gas oleh pegawai pertamina, sedangkan setelah dikonfirmasi ternyata pihak pertamina atau agen gas elpiji tidak pernah melakukan pemeriksaan terhadap tabung gas milik pelanggan, maka jangan mudah percaya akan oknum-oknum yang mengaku pegawai pertamina. Biasanya oknum tersebut mengharuskan membeli selang tabung gas yang harganya lebih tinggi yang diakuinya produk asli pertamina.

Karena konversi minyak ke gas elpiji adalah keputusan yang dinilai lebih menguntungkan maka sebagai kesimpulan perlu adanya kerjasama dari masyarakat dan pemerintah terutama, untuk mengatasi polemik yang yang terjadi.

This is for the first time I try to make a "blog". This is assigment from my Lecturer of IAD ( Mr.Hairul Saleh). He asked the student to try make it with english in new entry. Now I am trying to fill my new entry with my limitted english because for now I can't speak or write in english in many things. So, I say very sorry to my lecturer because I don't write important thing in this assigment. I only try my english... :-)
I also want to say thaks a lot to my Lecturer for this instruction. Maybe if there isn't instruction to make it I can't make "blog".
Thanks Mr. and I am sorry if there's mistake with my english..:-)